市場技術訊息

資料來源: Argus Biomass Markets, 11 Dec 2017 (http://www.argusmedia.com/)

東京證券交易所上市公司阪和興業株式會社(Hanwa)計劃在本財政年度將其進口至北亞(編按:日、韓)之生質燃料量增加近一倍，並製定長期計劃，以提供計劃中新建之電廠使用。

阪和從2017年4月至9月間向日本進口了17萬公噸棕櫚殼(palm kernel shells, PKS)，預計到2018年3月結束的日本財政年度將達到30萬公噸。根據阪和的貿易代表李國生(Ryuu Lee)表示，此進口量約佔日本國內棕櫚殼使用量30%，並為其前一個財政年度進口量之兩倍。

該公司的目標為在2018年4月至2019年3月之財政年度將其進口日本棕櫚殼量增加至40萬到45萬公噸不等。李國生表示，藉由簽署10~15年長期合約，阪和自2020年起將可提供每年70萬公噸的棕櫚殼。阪和預計在該年年底，棕櫚殼的年交易量將達到100萬公噸左右，餘額將來自於現貨市場。

這些2020年開始的大型長約，已獲得印尼和馬來西亞的5到6個供應商同意，提供收集自棕櫚油廠之棕櫚殼。合約價格將與市場連動，但目前定價公式尚未確定

該公司正在日本西部的德山港(Tokuyama port)建立一個露天倉儲暨物流中心，以擴大其供應業務並提供更具彈性之供貨。儲存場目前可以儲存4萬公噸的棕櫚殼，到2018財政年度應該可以擴倉至7萬公噸。

阪和預測，到2020年時，日本的生質燃料總需求量將達到每年300萬至500萬公噸，而棕櫚殼則可提供每年250萬至300萬公噸。由於只有印尼及馬來西亞這兩個出口國，棕櫚殼供給可能會受到限制。因此，木質顆粒將成為生質燃料在日本下一階段的發展的重點，到2020年至2023年之間，木質顆粒需求量將再增加200至300萬公噸。

編譯: 劉柏良 校稿:張家驥

原文

Japan’s rising biomass imports spur term deals

Tokyo Stock Exchange-listed trading firm Hanwa aims to nearly double its imports of biomass to north Asia in the current financial year and is putting longer-term plans in place to supply a wave of planned new power plants.

The firm imported 170,000t of palm kernel shells (PKS) to Japan from April-September and expects to reach 300,000t during the full Japanese financial year that ends in March 2018. This would amount to roughly 30pc of Japan's expected domestic consumption of PKS over the period, and would be double imports in the previous financial year, according to Hanwa trader Ryuu Lee.

The company has a target to increase its imports to Japan to 400,000-450,000t in the April 2018 to March 2019 financial year. And Hanwa has secured 700,000 t/yr of PKS through 10-15 year term supply contracts to Japan from 2020. Hanwa expects to be trading a total of around 1mn t/yr of PKS by that year, with the balance sourced from the spot market, Lee said.

These large term contracts starting in 2020 have been agreed with 5-6 suppliers in Indonesia and Malaysia, which have collected the PKS from scattered crude palm oil mills. The term prices will be market linked, although the pricing formula has not been decided yet.

The company is establishing an open air storage and logistics hub at Tokuyama port in western Japan to expand its supply operations and provide more delivery flexibility. The facility can currently take 40,000t, but should be able to store 70,000t of PKS by the 2018 financial year.

The expansion is based on Hanwa's forecasts that Japan's total biomass demand will reach 3mn-5mn t/yr by 2020, with 2.5mn-3mn t/yr made up of PKS. But PKS supply is likely to hit constraints, given there are only two large exporting countries. Wood pellets are likely to fuel the next phase of growth in Japan as a result, with supply increasing by another 2mn-3mn t between 2020 and 2023.

Extracted from Argus Biomass Markets, 17 Dec 2017